![]() ![]() Such novel IL structures that employ moieties from amino acids, artificial sweeteners, glucose, and organic acids are termed as bioionic liquids (BILs). Developmental research that focuses on biocompatible ILs has thus prompted the progress of novel compounds with enhanced toxicological and biodegradable profiles. ![]() The poor biodegradability and environmental toxicity of ILs have limited their applications in wearable and implantable devices. Their interfacial and surface electrochemistry makes them suitable for usage in both composite electrode structures and high-capacitance electrolyte applications. The wide electrochemical window and ionic conductivity of ILs have been used in electrochemistry and power storage applications. The ability for ILs to be supported as excellent solvents or impregnated liquid membranes or as chemical functionalities renders them useful in liquid–liquid extraction as well as solid–liquid extraction, solid-phase extraction, and induced precipitation. ILs have been employed in separation processes with high separation efficiency, particularly extraction and purification of bioactive compounds and molecules with complex solubility profiles. Thermoresponsive ILs have been used for catalyzing hydroformylation reactions proffering a dual action as a solvent and catalyst. ILs have been particularly used for catalytic conversion of cellulosic and lignocellulosic biomass and their valorization into biofuels and biorenewable chemicals. Their hybrid ionic–organic nature makes them suitable for certain catalytic activities or as cocatalytic support with potential applications in supercapacitors, ion gels, separation, or lubrication. ILs have been further delineated into applications that utilize them as functional pendant groups in polymeric structures, or in supported onto membranes and metal–organic frameworks. Their relatively low vapor pressures compared to conventional organic solvents make them desirable for green processes where scrubbing of solvent vapors needs elimination as a unit operation. A driving factor behind the plethora of applications stems from the various combinations of cations and anions that can be used to meet the scientific definition of ILs, which leads to a diverse range of physicochemical behaviors. Increased multidisciplinary studies have emerged, including chemistry, materials science and engineering, and chemical and environmental engineering. Since the first report on the IL (ethylammonium nitrate) in 1914, ILs have been a major scientific area, with the pace of research accelerating especially within the last decade. Ionic liquids (ILs) are organic salts with low melting temperatures (below 100 ☌), good ionic conductivity (within 10 −4–10 −2 S cm −1 around room temperature), electrochemical and thermal stability, and nonflammability, making them promising materials for many applications. Specifically, the review explores BILs as agents for biopolymer functionalization and highlights BILs as solvents for supermolecular ionic networks. This review focuses on the recent advances of BILs in biomedical applications. These devices are gaining recognition and importance in nucleic acid delivery and molecular medicine. The cytocompatibility and low immunogenicity of BIL-functionalized polymers enable the possibilities of their use for power storage devices as well as implantable devices. Ion-doped BIL-functionalized polymers and their composites can also be used to design pH and electrical responsive actuators and sensors. For example, the cholinium ion and its derivatives have found significant interest in tissue engineering and drug delivery systems. BILs can be synthesized using tailorable chemistries that enable their immobilization onto biopolymers. The limitations of their cytocompatibility are enhanced by using bioionic liquids (BILs) derived from biological molecules such as amines, sugars, and organic acids. Ionic liquids (ILs) exhibit unique properties of good ionic conductivity, electrochemical and thermal stability, and nonflammability, which make them promising candidates for biomedical applications. ![]()
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |